How to Beef Up a Raspberry Pi

Getting Started

Setting upward your Raspberry Pi

To become started with your Raspberry Pi computer yous'll need the following accessories:

A computer monitor, or television. Nearly should work as a display for the Raspberry Pi, but for best results, y'all should use a display with HDMI input. You'll also demand an appropriate display cable, to connect your monitor to your Raspberry Pi.

A computer keyboard and mouse

• Any standard USB keyboard and mouse will work with your Raspberry Pi.

• Wireless keyboards and mice will piece of work if already paired.

• For keyboard layout configuration options see raspi-config.

We recommend the official Raspberry Pi Power Supply which has been specifically designed to consistently provide +5.1V despite rapid fluctuations in current draw. Those fluctuations in need is something that happens a lot with when you're using peripherals with the Raspberry Pi, and something that other supplies—designed to provide consistent electric current for charging cellphones—usually don't cope with all that well. It as well has an attached micro USB cable, which means that you lot don't accidentally utilise a poor quality cable—something that can exist an result.

Finally y'all'll need an SD card; nosotros recommend a minimum of 8GB micro SD card, and to use the Raspberry Pi Imager to install an operating organisation onto it.

Connecting a Display

Unless you lot're setting up your Raspberry Pi to operate headless, for regular use y'all'll want to plug the Raspberry Pi in to a brandish: either a reckoner monitor, or a television.

Your Raspberry Pi has an HDMI port which you tin connect directly to a monitor or TV with an HDMI cable. This is the easiest solution; some modern monitors and TVs have HDMI ports, some do not, simply there are other options.

Note	The Raspberry Pi 4 has two micro HDMI connectors, which require a practiced-quality micro HDMI cable, especially when using 4K monitors or television. Raspberry Pi sells a suitable cablevision.

If you're using your Raspberry Pi with a monitor with born speakers and are connecting to it using an HDMI cablevision you lot tin can also utilise it to output audio. For monitors with a DVI port, you can utilise an HDMI-to-DVI cable, or an HDMI cable with a DVI adapter. For older monitors that simply support VGA, you can use an HDMI-to-VGA adapter.

Note	Unlike HDMI the DVI and VGA standards exercise not back up audio.

Finally, some models of Raspberry Pi accept a blended out port for connecting to analog devices, just the blazon of connector varies depending on the model. The original Raspberry Pi used an RCA connector, and a standard RCA blended video lead will piece of work. Others models (Raspberry Pi B+ and later) combine the audio out and composite out on to the aforementioned three.5mm jack. This requires a item type of lead, with audio left on the tip, audio right on ring ane, basis on ring 2, and video on the sleeve. This is the same as leads used on the Zune, and on Apple devices.

More information on connecting to a monitor can be found in equally part of the Raspberry Pi Foundation's Learning Resources.

SD Cards for Raspberry Pi

Raspberry Pi computers utilize a micro SD menu, except for very early models which use a full-sized SD card.

Warning

Because of a hardware limitation in the Raspberry Pi Nil, 1 and 2, the kick partition on the SD card must be 256GB or less otherwise the device volition not boot upwardly. Afterward models of Raspberry Pi 2 — with a BCM2837 SoC — along with the Raspberry Pi 3, 4, Null 2 West, and the Raspberry Pi 400 practise not have this limitation. This does not affect Raspberry Pi OS, which always uses a small kicking partition.

Recommended Capacity

We recommend using an SD carte of 8GB or greater chapters with Raspberry Pi Os. If you are using the calorie-free version of Raspberry Pi Os, you can use a 4GB card. Other operating systems have different requirements: for example, LibreELEC tin run from a smaller carte du jour. Please bank check with the supplier of the operating system to find out what capacity of menu they recommend.

Optional items

A network (Ethernet) cable to connect your Raspberry Pi to your local network and the Internet.

If you aren't using an HDMI monitor with speakers you lot might also need some class of audio hardware. Audio tin can exist played through speakers or headphones by connecting them to the AV jack (not available on the Raspberry Pi 400). However speakers must have their own amplification since the output from your Raspberry Pi is not powerful enough to drive them directly.

Troubleshooting

If you lot are having problems with your SD card:

• Make sure you are using a genuine SD card. The best manner to avoid simulated SD cards is to e'er buy from a reputable supplier.

• Make certain you are using a skillful quality power supply: we recommend using an official Raspberry Pi ability supply.

• The cable from the ability supply unit to the Raspberry Pi can also cause issues. This is unremarkably due to the resistance of the wires in the USB ability cablevision; to save money, USB cables have as niggling copper in them every bit possible, which causes a voltage driblet beyond the cable.

• Make sure you shut downwardly the operating system correctly earlier you ability down the Raspberry Pi.

You can get help with setting upwards your Raspberry Pi on our forums.

Installing the Operating System

Raspberry Pi recommend the use of Raspberry Pi Imager to install an operating system on to your SD bill of fare. You lot will need another figurer with an SD card reader to install the paradigm. Raspberry Pi Imager tin can be run on another Raspberry Pi, but also works on Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS, and Linux.

Note	Before you start, don't forget to cheque the SD card requirements.

Important

NOOBS, or New Out Of the Box Software to give information technology its total proper name, was an SD card-based installer for Raspberry Pi computers; we no longer recommend or back up using NOOBS. Going frontward, please use Raspberry Pi Imager.

Using Raspberry Pi Imager

Raspberry Pi have adult a graphical SD carte writing tool that works on Mac Bone, Ubuntu 18.04, and Windows chosen Raspberry Pi Imager; this is the easiest choice for most users since information technology will download the image automatically and install it to the SD carte.

Download the latest version of Raspberry Pi Imager and install information technology. If you want to use Raspberry Pi Imager from a second Raspberry Pi, y'all can install it from a last using sudo apt install rpi-imager. Then:

• Connect an SD card reader with the SD card inside.

• Open Raspberry Pi Imager and choose the required Os from the listing presented.

• Choose the SD card yous wish to write your image to.

• Review your selections and click on the Write push button to begin writing data to the SD Menu.

Notation

If using Raspberry Pi Imager on Windows x with controlled folder access enabled, y'all will need to explicitly allow Raspberry Pi Imager permission to write the SD card. If this is not done, the imaging procedure will fail with a "failed to write" error.

Note	You tin can see which operating systems are most ofttimes downloaded, on our statistics folio.

You can now insert the SD card into the Raspberry Pi and ability it up. When your Raspberry Pi boots for the showtime time a configuration wizard will run that allows you to gear up your Raspberry Pi.

Annotation

In the by Raspberry Pi Os had a default user proper noun and password; user proper noun pi, with password raspberry. This is no longer the case. However if you are using an older version of the operating system, or you are working with an existing installation, this default user may exist present. If y'all take not already done so, you should alter the default password straight abroad to ensure your Raspberry Pi is secure.

Advanced Options

When you accept the Raspberry Pi Imager open, and later you have selected the operating system to install, a cog wheel volition appear assuasive you lot to open an "Advanced Options" menu if it is supported past the operating arrangement. This bill of fare lets you carry out tasks like enabling SSH, or setting your Raspberry Pi'due south hostname, and configuring the default user before offset boot.

Notation

If you use the Advanced Options carte du jour in Imager to configure your Raspberry Pi Os installation then the configuration wizard that usually runs on first boot will be skipped.

Amongst other things the Advanced Options bill of fare is useful for when yous want to configure a headless Raspberry Pi.

Note	In older versions of Imager you should button Ctrl-Shift-10 to open the "Advanced" menu.

If you are installing Raspberry Pi Os Lite and intend to run it headless, you will still demand to create a new user account. Since you will not exist able to create the user account on first kick, you MUST configure the operating system using the Advanced Menu.

Downloading an Image

If y'all are using a different tool than Raspberry Pi Imager to write to your SD Card, most require yous to download the epitome first, and so use the tool to write information technology to the carte. Official images for recommended operating systems are available to download from the Raspberry Pi website downloads folio. Culling operating systems for Raspberry Pi computers are too available from some tertiary-party vendors.

You may need to unzip the downloaded file (.nada) to become the image file (.img) yous need to write to the card.

Note

The Raspberry Pi OS with desktop paradigm independent in the ZIP archive is over 4GB in size and uses the ZIP64 format. To uncompress the archive, an unzip tool that supports ZIP64 is required. The post-obit zip tools support ZIP64: 7-Goose egg for Windows, The Unarchiver for macOS, and unzip on Linux.

Installing over the Network

Warning

Network installation is but enabled by default on Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 400, and just when using the latest supported bootloader. Run across Updating to the LATEST / STABLE bootloader for details of how to update your bootloader.

When you go a new Raspberry Pi, you also demand an SD Menu with an operating organization installed on information technology. The easiest mode to get the operating system onto the SD Menu is to employ the Raspberry Pi Imager application running on another figurer to copy information technology to your SD Bill of fare.

Only how do you get the operating organisation onto your SD card if you don't have another computer?

If you practice not have some other computer to run Raspberry Pi Imager you lot can start the application directly on a Raspberry Pi 4 or Raspberry Pi 400 past connecting information technology to the Cyberspace with an Ethernet cable. This will let you to install the operating system onto a bare SD Card direct from the network without using another computer.

Using Network Installation

Yous will demand a keyboard to make use of the network installation feature. While a Raspberry Pi 400 always has a keyboard "attached", if you're using a Raspberry Pi 4 yous volition demand to plug in a USB keyboard.

Either insert a blank SD Card into the SD card slot of your Raspberry Pi, or press and hold the SHIFT key.

Power on your Raspberry Pi. As always information technology will get-go look for an SD Carte du jour, and then a USB drive, to find bootable media. Still if y'all have a keyboard attached, the Raspberry Pi volition now bear witness the network installation screen.

In the groundwork the Raspberry Pi is nevertheless looking for a bootable image, simply you can now start a network installation by property down the SHIFT cardinal. You lot volition then be prompted to connect your Raspberry Pi to the network with an Ethernet Cable.

Note	You tin can also outset network install by holding SHIFT when powering on the device.

Plug your Raspberry Pi into the network using an Ethernet cable. When information technology detects a cable has been inserted it should get-go downloading the Raspberry Pi installer. If the download fails, you lot tin repeat the process to try again.

Somewhen it should start the Raspberry Pi Imager awarding allowing you to install a full operating system to a blank SD Card or a USB Drive.

Notation

More information can nearly using the Raspberry Pi Imager tin can be found in the section on installing your operating organization.

After installing the operating system onto your bare SD Bill of fare you volition no longer see the network installation screen on boot. If yous exercise desire to run it, you can hold down the SHIFT key while powering on the device. But have intendance not to overwrite whatsoever working SD cards that you want to keep!

See HTTP kicking for details about how to configure network install.

Configuration on First Boot

If you have non already configured your operating system using the Avant-garde Carte of Raspberry Pi Imager when Raspberry Pi OS starts upwardly for the beginning time you will be guided through initial setup.

The Raspberry Pi Bone configuration wizard will run on the commencement boot. The wizard starts off by assuasive you to configure international settings and your timezone information.

Note

If you are using a Bluetooth keyboard and mouse the first page volition prompt you to put any Bluetooth keyboard or mouse yous wish to use into pairing way, then to wait. As long as you are on the get-go page of the wizard, the Raspberry Pi will at present scan for pairable Bluetooth mice and keyboards, and volition automatically pair the first of each which information technology finds. You will run across messages pop upward to bespeak that a Bluetooth device has been establish and is beingness paired – you may need to wait a few seconds after the terminal "connected" dialog appears for the newly-continued device to wake up and start being used by the system. This works both with the built-in Bluetooth adapter on Raspberry Pi 3 and 4, and also with USB Bluetooth adapters on earlier models of Raspberry Pi – only brand certain the USB adapter is inserted before the Raspberry Pi is booted.

After hitting "Adjacent" you'll be prompted to create a user business relationship. Here you can choose your username, and a password.

If you want to you can set your username to the erstwhile default username of pi, which was used on older versions of Raspberry Pi OS.

Note	Some older software may require the presence of the pi user.

However, if you do choose to create this account you will trigger a warning message, and we'd advise you to avoid the old default password of raspberry.

After creating an user account you lot tin configure your screen,

and your wireless network.

One time your wireless network is configured and your Raspberry Pi has admission to the Internet you will exist prompted to update the operating arrangement to the latest version. This will automatically download any patches and updates needed to bring your new operating system right up to date.

Once the operating arrangement is updated yous will be prompted to reboot your Raspberry Pi.

Note

If you are installing Raspberry Pi Bone Lite y'all will still need to create a new user account. You will therefore be prompted to create an account by text prompts at the command line when yous showtime boot a Lite image. If y'all are booting Raspberry Pi Os headless you MUST configure the operating system using Raspberry Pi Imager using the Advanced Menu.

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Source: https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/getting-started.html

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